About Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel, Spring Steel, and Cast Iron
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About Aluminum
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About Copper, Brass, and Bronze
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Low-Carbon Steel Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength: See table
- Hardness: See table
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: See table
- Specifications Met: See table
Also known as mild steel, low-carbon steel is easy to machine, form, and weld. It's widely fabricated into parts that don’t require high strength, such as fixture clamps, mounting plates, and spacers. This material can be surface hardened with heat treating.
If you don't see the size you're looking for, please specify a length under additional rod lengths.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
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To Order: Please specify length in increments of 0.25" within the range listed.
Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Yield Strength, psi | Hardness | Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment | Specifications Met | Choose a Length | Per Inch | |
2 3/8" | -0.003" to 0" | 54,000 | Rockwell B70 (Medium) | Rockwell C60 | ASTM A108 | 13"-90" | 0000000 | 00000 |
High-Strength Easy-to-Machine 1144 Carbon Steel Rods
- Yield Strength: 100,000 psi
- Hardness:
Inch sizes: Rockwell C25 (Hard)
Metric sizes: Rockwell C19 (Medium) - Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Not Rated
- Specifications Met:
Inch sizes: ASTM A108, ASTM A311
Metric sizes: ASTM A108, ASTM A311
Often called Stressproof, these rods are stress-relieved to minimize warping during machining. Containing more carbon and manganese than other easy-to-machine carbon steels, 1144 offers higher yield strength and hardness, even without further heat treatment. Use it to fabricate parts that require stress resistance.
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Ultra-Machinable 12L14 Carbon Steel Rods
- Yield Strength: 60,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B85 (Medium)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Not Rated
- Specifications Met: ASTM A108
The lead additive acts as a lubricant, which allows 12L14 carbon steel to withstand very fast machining. It's used to fabricate a wide variety of machine parts.
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High-Strength 1045 Carbon Steel Rods and Discs
Stronger than low-carbon steel with equally good machinability, 1045 carbon steel is widely used for bolts, studs, and shafts.
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Certificates with a traceable lot number are available for these products. Download certificates from ORDER HISTORY after your order ships.
- Yield Strength:
Inch sizes: 77,000 psi
Metric sizes: 65,000 psi - Hardness:
Inch sizes: Rockwell B90 (Medium)
Metric sizes: Rockwell B80 (Medium) - Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Not Rated
- Specifications Met:
Inch sizes: ASTM A108
Metric sizes: ASTM A108, ASTM A576
- Yield Strength: 77,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B90 (Medium)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Specifications Met: ASTM A108
To Order: Please specify length in increments of 0.25" within the range listed.
Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Straightness Tolerance | Choose a Length | Per Inch | |
2 3/8" | -0.004" to 0" | 1/8" | 13"-90" | 0000000 | 00000 |
Hardened Multipurpose 4140 Alloy Steel Rods
- Yield Strength: 95,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell C28 (Hard)
- Specifications Met: ASTM A108, ASTM A193
These rods are hardened for increased abrasion and impact resistance. Also known as chrome-moly steel, this versatile 4140 alloy steel is used for a wide range of parts, such as gears, axles, shafts, collets, and die holders. It resists fracturing from repeated stress.
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Multipurpose 4140 Alloy Steel Rods and Discs
Also known as chrome-moly steel, this versatile 4140 alloy steel is used for a wide range of parts, such as gears, axles, shafts, collets, and die holders. It resists fracturing from repeated stress.
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For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Certificates with a traceable lot number are available for these products. Download certificates from ORDER HISTORY after your order ships.
- Yield Strength: 60,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell C10 (Medium)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Maximum Hardness After Heat Treatment: Not Rated
- Specifications Met: ASTM A108
- Yield Strength: 60,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell C19 (Medium)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Maximum Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C48
- Specifications Met: ASTM A108
To Order: Please specify length in increments of 0.25" within the range listed.
Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Heat Treatment | Choose a Length | Per Inch | |
2 3/8" | -0.004" to 0" | Annealed (Softened) | 13"-90" | 0000000 | 00000 |
Easy-to-Weld Wear-Resistant 8620 Alloy Steel
- Yield Strength: 55,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B85 (Medium)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C60
- Specifications Met: ASTM A108
While the low carbon content makes 8620 alloy steel easy-to-weld, it's the nickel, chromium, and molybdenum content that provides wear resistance.
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Multipurpose 304 Stainless Steel
From cookware to chemical-processing equipment, 304 stainless steel is a good all-around choice for a wide range of applications. It maintains its corrosion resistance in temperatures up to 1500° F.
304/304L stainless steel contains less carbon than standard 304 for better weldability.
If you don't see the rod size you're looking for, please specify a length under additional 304/304L stainless steel rod lengths.
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- Yield Strength: 30,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B75 (Medium)
- Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: No
- Specifications Met: ASTM A276
- Yield Strength: 30,000 psi
- Hardness: Not Rated
- Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: No
- Specifications Met: ASTM A276
To Order: Please specify length in increments of 0.25" within the range listed.
Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Fabrication | Choose a Length | Per Inch | |
2 3/8" | -0.008" to 0.008" | Cold Worked | 13"-90" | 0000000 | 00000 |
Easy-to-Machine 303 Stainless Steel
Widely used for fabricating fittings and fasteners, 303 stainless steel machines quickly without sticking to cutting tools. It maintains its corrosion resistance in temperatures up to 1500° F.
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- Yield Strength: 25,000 psi
- Hardness:
Inch Sizes: Rockwell B77 (Medium)
Metric Sizes: Rockwell B85 (Medium) - Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: No
- Specifications Met:
Inch Sizes: ASTM A582
Metric Sizes: EN 10088-3
Corrosion-Resistant 316 Stainless Steel
The addition of molybdenum gives 316 stainless steel excellent corrosion resistance. Use it in a variety of marine and chemical-processing applications. It maintains its corrosion resistance up to the maximum temperature.
316/316L stainless steel contains less carbon than standard 316 for better weldability.
If you don’t see the rod size you’re looking for, please specify a length under additional rod lengths.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Certificates with a traceable lot number are available for these products. Download certificates from ORDER HISTORY after your order ships.
- Yield Strength:
Inch Sizes: 30,000 psi
Metric Sizes: 29,000 psi - Hardness:
Inch Sizes: Rockwell B75 (Medium)
Metric Sizes: Rockwell B80 (Medium) - Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: No
- Specifications Met:
Inch Sizes: ASTM A276
- Yield Strength: 30,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B75 (Medium)
- Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: No
- Specifications Met: ASTM A276
To Order: Please specify length in increments of 0.125" within the range listed.
Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Fabrication | Max. Temp., °F | Straightness Tolerance | Choose a Length | Per Inch | |
316/316L Stainless Steel | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 3/8" | -0.003" to 0.003" | Cold Worked | 1500° | 1/8" per 5 ft. | 13"-90" | 000000000 | 000000 |
High-Strength 17-4 PH Stainless Steel
With a higher chromium content than 15-5 PH stainless steel, this high-strength 17-4 PH offers better corrosion resistance. It is also known as 630 stainless steel. This material maintains its corrosion resistance in temperatures up to 1100° F.
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- Yield Strength: Not Rated
- Hardness: Rockwell C30 (Hard)
- Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C45
- Specifications Met: ASTM A564, SAE AMS5643
- Yield Strength: Not Rated
- Hardness: Rockwell C30 (Hard)
- Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C45
- Specifications Met: ASTM A564, SAE AMS5643
To Order: Please specify length in increments of 0.125" within the range listed.
Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Fabrication | Straightness Tolerance | Magnetic Properties | Choose a Length | Per Inch | |
2 3/8" | -0.003" to 0.003" | Cold Drawn | 1/16" per 5 ft. | Magnetic | 13"-90" | 000000000 | 000000 |
Easy-to-Machine 416 Stainless Steel
One of the most machinable types of stainless steel available, 416 contains sulfur for fast machining without clogging cutting tools. It's used for gears, screws, and shafts. This material maintains its corrosion resistance in temperatures up to 1200° F.
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- Yield Strength: 40,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B80 (Medium)
- Heat Treatment: Annealed
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C35
- Specifications Met: ASTM A582, SAE AMS5610, ASTM A484
Bearing-Quality 440C Stainless Steel
One of the hardest types of stainless steel after heat treating, 440C offers excellent wear and abrasion resistance. It’s often used for bearings, valves, and knife blades. This material maintains its corrosion resistance in temperatures up to 800° F.
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- Yield Strength: 65,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell C20 (Hard)
- Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C60
- Specifications Met: ASTM A276, SAE AMS5630
Wear-Resistant 410 Stainless Steel
Often used for fasteners and valves, 410 stainless steel withstands wear caused by abrasion. It maintains its corrosion resistance in temperatures up to 1200° F.
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- Yield Strength: 40,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B80 (Medium)
- Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Not Rated
- Specifications Met: ASTM A276
Multipurpose 6061 Aluminum Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength: 35,000 psi
- Hardness:
Foot and inch sizes: Brinell 95 (Soft)
Metric sizes: Brinell 80 (Soft) - Temper: See table
- Fabrication: See table
- Specifications Met:
Cold Worked: ASTM B211
Extruded: ASTM B221
Cold Rolled: ASTM B209
The most widely used aluminum, 6061 is fabricated into everything from pipe fittings and containers to automotive and aerospace parts. It is strong and corrosion resistant, plus it's easy to machine and weld.
If you don't see the size you're looking for, please specify a length under additional rod lengths.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Certificates with a traceable lot number are available for these products. Download certificates from ORDER HISTORY after your order ships.
To Order: Please specify length in increments of 0.25" within the range listed.
Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Fabrication | Temper | Heat Treatment | Temperature Range, °F | Choose a Length | Per Inch | |
2 3/8" | -0.024" to 0.024" | Extruded | T6511 | Hardened | -320° to 300° | 13"-90" | 0000000 | 00000 |
High-Strength 7075 Aluminum Rods and Discs
Originally developed for aircraft frames, uses for 7075 aluminum now include keys, gears, and other high-stress parts. It is often used as a replacement for 2024 aluminum because it’s stronger and provides similar performance in all other aspects.
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- Yield Strength: 73,000 psi
- Hardness: Brinell 150 (Medium)
- Temper:
3/8" to 5/8" dia.: T6
All other sizes: T651 - Fabrication: Cold Drawn
- Specifications Met: ASTM B211, SAE AMS-QQ-A-225/9
High-Strength 2024 Aluminum Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength: 45,000 psi
- Hardness: Brinell 120 (Medium)
- Temper:
3/16" to 3/8" dia.: T4
All other sizes: T351 - Fabrication: Cold Drawn
- Specifications Met: ASTM B211, SAE AMS-QQ-A-225/6, SAE AMS4120
While 2024 aluminum was initially designed for structural components in aircraft, it's now widely used when a high strength-to-weight ratio is needed, such as for gears, shafts, and fasteners. It offers similar performance to 7075 aluminum, but it’s not as strong.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
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Ultra-Machinable 360 Brass Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength:
Inch sizes: 15,000 psi
Metric sizes: 23,000 psi - Hardness: See table
- Temper:
Inch sizes: H02 (1/2 Hard)
Metric sizes: 1/2 Hard - Heat Treatable: No
- Specifications Met:
Inch sizes: ASTM B16
Metric sizes: European Standard EN 12164
With the highest lead content of all the brass alloys, 360 offers the best machinability. Often called free-machining and free-cutting brass, it stands up to high-speed drilling, milling, and tapping operations with minimal wear on your tools. It’s commonly used for gears, pinions, and lock components.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
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Wear-Resistant Nylon Rods and Discs
- Color: Off-White or Black
- Max. Temperature: 185° F
- Tensile Strength: 11,200-12,300 psi (Good)
- Impact Strength: 0.6-1.4 ft.-lbs./in. (Poor)
- Hardness: Rockwell R108-R121 (Hard)
- For Use Outdoors: No
- Specifications Met:
Off-White:
1/16" Dia.: ASTM D5989, ASTM D6779, FDA Compliant 21 CFR 177.1500, UL 94 HB
1/8" Dia. and larger: ASTM D5989, ASTM D6779, FDA Compliant 21 CFR 177.1500, UL 94 V-2
Black:
ASTM D5989, ASTM D6779, UL 94 V-2
Often machined into bearings, gears, cams, and valve seats, these wear-resistant nylon 6/6 rods and discs have a slippery surface that reduces friction.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
High-Strength Slippery UHMW Polyethylene Rods
- Color: Blue
- Temperature Range: -325° to 175° F
- Tensile Strength 5,900 psi (Good)
- Impact Strength: 55 ft-lbs./in. (Excellent)
- Hardness: Durometer 65D (Medium)
- For Use Outdoors: No
- Specifications Met: ASTM D4020, FDA Compliant 21 CFR 177.1520, FDA Compliant 21 CFR 178.3297
Often used in high-speed, high-precision, and high-impact applications, such as conveyor rollers and bearings, these rods stand up to scratches and scuffs better than our standard UHMW polyethylene rods. A built-in dry lubricant makes these rods self-lubricating and extra slippery, so they're smooth and quiet. They also withstand high temperatures and chemicals, so frequent washdowns with harsh cleaners and sanitizers won't affect them. Regularly used in food-processing and pharmaceutical plants, these rods are FDA compliant for direct contact with food, and their blue color makes them easy to spot if any part falls into your product line. Also known as Tivar HPV.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Chemical-Resistant PVC Rods and Discs
- Color: Gray
- Temperature Range: 5° to 140° F
- Tensile Strength: 7,000-7,800 psi (Good)
- Impact Strength: 0.7-3 ft.-lbs./in. (Poor)
- Hardness: Rockwell R110-R120 (Hard)
- Specifications Met: UL 94 V-0
- For Use Outdoors: No
Often used to make valve and tank parts for chemical-processing applications, these rods and discs have excellent resistance to acids and alkalies. They’re PVC Type 1, which is easy to thermoform. These rods are also excellent electrical insulators.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
High-Temperature CPVC Rods
- Color: Gray
- Temperature Range: 32° to 200° F
- Tensile Strength: 7,090-7,750 psi (Good)
- Impact Strength: 1-2 ft.-lbs./in. (Poor)
- Hardness: Rockwell R118-R119 (Hard)
- For Use Outdoors: No
- Specifications Met: UL 94 V-0
Offering the same resistance to acids and alkalies as PVC, these CPVC rods stand up to higher temperatures. Use them to make parts for use in chemical-processing applications. CPVC is easy to thermoform and it’s an excellent electrical insulator.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Impact- and Chemical-Resistant PVC Rods
- Color: Gray
- Temperature Range: -40° to 140° F
- Tensile Strength: 5,600-6,700 psi (Good)
- Impact Strength: 10-18 ft.-lbs./in. (Excellent)
- Hardness: Rockwell R111-R116 (Hard)
- For Use Outdoors: No
- Specifications Met: UL 94 V-0
With nearly the same chemical resistance as standard PVC Type 1, these PVC Type 2 rods are more impact resistant. Use them to make parts for chemical-processing applications where protection from bumps and strikes is required. They offer excellent formablility and are good electrical insulators.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Crack-Resistant Prototyping Wax Rods
This wax is more stable than standard prototyping wax, so it won't crack when used as casting wax.
Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Lg. | Softening Temperature, ° F | Hardness | Color | Each | |
2 3/8" | -0.125" to 0.125" | 6" | 150° | Durometer 40D | Red | 00000000 | 000000 |