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Yield Strength Yield Strength |
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Low-Carbon Steel Grade Low-Carbon Steel Grade |
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About Copper, Brass, and Bronze
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About Tool Steel
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About Stainless Steel
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About Plastic
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About Aluminum
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About Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel, Spring Steel, and Cast Iron
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Low-Carbon Steel Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength: See table
- Hardness: See table
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: See table
- Specifications Met: See table
Also known as mild steel, low-carbon steel is easy to machine, form, and weld. It's widely fabricated into parts that don’t require high strength, such as fixture clamps, mounting plates, and spacers. This material can be surface hardened with heat treating.
If you don't see the size you're looking for, please specify a length under additional rod lengths.
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To Order: Please specify length in increments of 0.25" within the range listed.
| Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Yield Strength, psi | Hardness | Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment | Specifications Met | Choose a Length | Per Inch | |
| 3 3/4" | -0.004" to 0" | 54,000 | Rockwell B70 (Medium) | Rockwell C60 | ASTM A108 | 13"-90" | 0000000 | 00000 |
Ultra-Machinable 12L14 Carbon Steel Rods
- Yield Strength: 60,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B85 (Medium)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Not Rated
- Specifications Met: ASTM A108, ASTM A29
The lead additive acts as a lubricant, which allows 12L14 carbon steel to withstand very fast machining. It's used to fabricate a wide variety of machine parts.
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High-Strength Easy-to-Machine 1144 Carbon Steel Rods
- Yield Strength: 100,000 psi
- Hardness:
Inch sizes: Rockwell C25 (Hard)
Metric sizes: Rockwell C15 (Medium) - Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Not Rated
- Specifications Met:
Inch sizes: ASTM A108, ASTM A28, ASTM A311
Metric sizes: ASTM A108, ASTM A311
Often called Stressproof, these rods are stress-relieved to minimize warping during machining. Containing more carbon and manganese than other easy-to-machine carbon steels, 1144 offers higher yield strength and hardness, even without further heat treatment. Use it to fabricate parts that require stress resistance.
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High-Strength 1045 Carbon Steel Rods and Discs
Stronger than low-carbon steel with equally good machinability, 1045 carbon steel is widely used for bolts, studs, and shafts.
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- Yield Strength:
Inch sizes: 77,000 psi
Metric sizes: 65,000 psi - Hardness:
Inch sizes: Rockwell B90 (Medium)
Metric sizes: Rockwell B80 (Medium) - Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Not Rated
- Specifications Met:
Inch sizes: ASTM A108
Metric sizes: ASTM A108, ASTM A29, ASTM A576
- Yield Strength: 77,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B90 (Medium)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Specifications Met: ASTM A108, ASTM A29
To Order: Please specify length in increments of 0.25" within the range listed.
| Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Straightness Tolerance | Choose a Length | Per Inch | |
| 3 3/4" | -0.005" to 0" | 1/8" | 13"-90" | 0000000 | 000000 |
Hardened Multipurpose 4140 Alloy Steel Rods
- Yield Strength: 95,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell C25 (Hard)
- Specifications Met: ASTM A108, ASTM A193, ASTM A29
These rods are hardened for increased abrasion and impact resistance. Also known as chrome-moly steel, this versatile 4140 alloy steel is used for a wide range of parts, such as gears, axles, shafts, collets, and die holders. It resists fracturing from repeated stress.
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Multipurpose 4140 Alloy Steel Rods and Discs
Also known as chrome-moly steel, this versatile 4140 alloy steel is used for a wide range of parts, such as gears, axles, shafts, collets, and die holders. It resists fracturing from repeated stress.
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- Yield Strength: 60,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell C10 (Medium)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Maximum Hardness After Heat Treatment: Not Rated
- Specifications Met: ASTM A108, ASTM A29
- Yield Strength: 60,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell C19 (Medium)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Maximum Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C48
- Specifications Met: ASTM A108, ASTM A29
To Order: Please specify length in increments of 0.25" within the range listed.
| Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Heat Treatment | Choose a Length | Per Inch | |
| 3 3/4" | -0.005" to 0" | Annealed (Softened) | 13"-90" | 0000000 | 000000 |
High-Strength 4340 Alloy Steel Rods
- Yield Strength: 122,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell C20 (Hard)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C53
Use 4340 alloy steel for power transmission and structural applications that involve extreme impact, heat, and wear.
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Oversized Easy-to-Machine Gray Cast Iron Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength: Not Rated
- Hardness: Rockwell C20 (Hard)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C50
- Specifications Met: ASTM A247
An oversized diameter allows for finishing to your exact requirements. Gray cast iron machines faster with less wear on cutting tools than most types of steel. It also absorbs vibration, so finished parts run quieter than those made of steel. It's often used for gears, pulleys, rollers, and bushings.
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Impact-Resistant Ductile Cast Iron Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength: 55,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell C20 (Hard)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C60
- Specifications Met: ASTM A536
Ductile cast iron is strong, resilient, and able to handle repeated stress without breaking. It also absorbs vibration, so finished parts run quieter than those made of steel.
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Multipurpose 304 Stainless Steel
From cookware to chemical-processing equipment, 304 stainless steel is a good all-around choice for a wide range of applications. It maintains its corrosion resistance in temperatures up to 1500° F.
304/304L stainless steel contains less carbon than standard 304 for better weldability.
If you don't see the rod size you're looking for, please specify a length under additional 304/304L stainless steel rod lengths.
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- Yield Strength: 30,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B75 (Medium)
- Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: No
- Specifications Met: ASTM A276
- Yield Strength: 30,000 psi
- Hardness: Not Rated
- Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: No
- Specifications Met: ASTM A276
To Order: Please specify length in increments of 0.25" within the range listed.
| Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Fabrication | Choose a Length | Per Inch | |
| 3 3/4" | -0.01" to 0.01" | Cold Worked | 13"-90" | 0000000 | 000000 |
Easy-to-Machine 303 Stainless Steel
Widely used for fabricating fittings and fasteners, 303 stainless steel machines quickly without sticking to cutting tools. It maintains its corrosion resistance in temperatures up to 1500° F.
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- Yield Strength: 25,000 psi
- Hardness:
Inch Sizes: Rockwell B77 (Medium)
Metric Sizes: Rockwell B85 (Medium) - Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: No
- Specifications Met:
Inch Sizes: ASTM A582
Metric Sizes: ASTM A564, ASTM A582
High-Strength 17-4 PH Stainless Steel
With a higher chromium content than 15-5 PH stainless steel, this high-strength 17-4 PH offers better corrosion resistance. It is also known as 630 stainless steel. This material maintains its corrosion resistance in temperatures up to 1100° F.
If you don't see the rod size you're looking for, please specify a length under additional rod lengths.
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- Yield Strength: Not Rated
- Hardness: Rockwell C30 (Hard)
- Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C45
- Specifications Met: ASTM A564, SAE AMS5643
To Order: Please specify length in increments of 0.125" within the range listed.
| Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Fabrication | Straightness Tolerance | Magnetic Properties | Choose a Length | Per Inch | |
| 3 3/4" | -0.003" to 0.003" | Cold Drawn | 1/16" per 5 ft. | Magnetic | 13"-90" | 000000000 | 000000 |
Corrosion-Resistant 316 Stainless Steel
The addition of molybdenum gives 316 stainless steel excellent corrosion resistance. Use it in a variety of marine and chemical-processing applications. It maintains its corrosion resistance up to the maximum temperature.
316/316L stainless steel contains less carbon than standard 316 for better weldability.
If you don’t see the rod size you’re looking for, please specify a length under additional rod lengths.
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Certificates with a traceable lot number are available for these products. Download certificates from ACTIVITY after your order ships.
- Yield Strength:
Inch Sizes: 30,000 psi
Metric Sizes: 29,000 psi - Hardness:
Inch Sizes: Rockwell B75 (Medium)
Metric Sizes: Rockwell B80 (Medium) - Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: No
- Specifications Met:
Inch Sizes: ASTM A276
- Yield Strength: 30,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B75 (Medium)
- Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: No
- Specifications Met: ASTM A276
To Order: Please specify length in increments of 0.125" within the range listed.
| Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Fabrication | Max. Temp., °F | Straightness Tolerance | Choose a Length | Per Inch | |
316/316L Stainless Steel | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 3/4" | 0" to 0.062" | Cold Worked or Hot Rolled | 1500° | 1/8" per 5 ft. | 13"-90" | 000000000 | 000000 |
Bearing-Quality 440C Stainless Steel
One of the hardest types of stainless steel after heat treating, 440C offers excellent wear and abrasion resistance. It’s often used for bearings, valves, and knife blades. This material maintains its corrosion resistance in temperatures up to 800° F.
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- Yield Strength: 65,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell C20 (Hard)
- Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C60
- Specifications Met: ASTM A276, SAE AMS5630
Wear-Resistant 410 Stainless Steel
Often used for fasteners and valves, 410 stainless steel withstands wear caused by abrasion. It maintains its corrosion resistance in temperatures up to 1200° F.
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- Yield Strength: 40,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B80 (Medium)
- Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Not Rated
- Specifications Met: ASTM A276
Oversized Multipurpose Oil-Hardening O1 Tool Steel Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength: 50,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B95 (Medium)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C62
An oversized diameter allows for finishing to your exact requirements. Often used for dies, punches, and gauges, O1 tool steel is an oil-hardening material that resists wear and abrasion. These rods and discs are decarb-free for a uniform surface that will consistently accept heat treating.
If you don't see the size you're looking for, please specify a length under additional rod lengths.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Certificates with a traceable lot number are available for these products. Download certificates from ACTIVITY after your order ships.
To Order: Please specify length in increments of 0.25" within the range listed.
| Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Mechanical Finish | Straightness Tolerance | Choose a Length | Per Inch | |
| 3 3/4" | 0.010" to 0.093" | Turned | 1/8" per 5 ft. | 13" to 90" | 0000000 | 000000 |
Oversized Multipurpose Air-Hardening A2 Tool Steel Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength: 55,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B95 (Medium)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C64
An oversized diameter allows for finishing to your exact requirements. A2 tool steel is more wear resistant than O1 and it keeps a sharper cutting edge. This air-hardening material is widely used for punches, broaches, and dies. These rods and discs are decarb-free for a uniform surface that will consistently accept heat treating.
If you don't see the size you're looking for, please specify a length under additional rod lengths.
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Certificates with a traceable lot number are available for these products. Download certificates from ACTIVITY after your order ships.
| Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Mechanical Finish | Straightness Tolerance | Specifications Met | Per Inch | |
| 3 3/4" | 0.01" to 0.093" | Turned | Not Rated | ASTM A681 | 0000000 | 000000 |
Oversized Wear-Resistant D2 Tool Steel Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength: 50,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B95 (Medium)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C62
- Specifications Met: ASTM A681
An oversized diameter allows for finishing to your exact requirements. The addition of nickel gives D2 tool steel better wear resistance than A2. This air-hardening material is often used for cutting blades, stamps, and forming dies. These rods and discs are decarb-free for a uniform surface that will consistently accept heat treating.
If you don't see the size you're looking for, please specify a length under additional rod lengths.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Certificates with a traceable lot number are available for these products. Download certificates from ACTIVITY after your order ships.
To Order: Please specify length in increments of 0.25" within the range listed.
| Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Heat Treatment | Mechanical Finish | Straightness Tolerance | Choose a Length | Per Inch | |
| 3 3/4" | 0.010" to 0.093" | Annealed (Softened) | Ground | 1/8" per 5 ft. | 13"-90" | 0000000 | 000000 |
Oversized Shock-Resistant S7 Tool Steel Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength: 50,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B90 (Medium)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C55
- Specifications Met: ASTM A681
An oversized diameter allows for finishing to your exact requirements. Often made into chisels, rivets, and punches, S7 tool steel can handle repeated impact without fracturing. It is an air-hardening material. These rods and discs are decarb-free for a uniform surface that will consistently accept heat treating.
If you don't see the size you're looking for, please specify a length under additional rod lengths.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Certificates with a traceable lot number are available for these products. Download certificates from ACTIVITY after your order ships.
To Order: Please specify length in increments of 0.25" within the range listed.
| Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Heat Treatment | Mechanical Finish | Straightness Tolerance | Choose a Length | Per Inch | |
| 3 3/4" | 0.01" to 0.093" | Annealed (Softened) | Turned | Not Rated | 13"-90" | 0000000 | 000000 |
Oversized High-Temperature H13 Tool Steel Rods
- Yield Strength: 239,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell C20 (Hard)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C54
- Specifications Met: ASTM A681
An oversized diameter on these rods allows for finishing to your exact requirements. Able to maintain good strength and wear resistance in high temperatures, H13 tool steel also resists cracking from repeated heating and cooling cycles. It's an air-hardening material that's widely used in die-casting applications.
If you don't see the size you're looking for, please specify a length under additional rod lengths.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Certificates with a traceable lot number are available for these products. Download certificates from ACTIVITY after your order ships.
To Order: Please specify length in increments of 0.25" within the range listed.
| Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Heat Treatment | Choose a Length | Per Inch | |
| 3 3/4" | 0.015" to 0.093" | Annealed (Softened) | 13"-90" | 0000000 | 000000 |
Multipurpose 6061 Aluminum Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength: 35,000 psi
- Hardness:
Foot and inch sizes: Brinell 95 (Soft)
Metric sizes: Brinell 80 (Soft) - Temper: See table
- Fabrication: See table
- Specifications Met:
Cold Worked: ASTM B211
Extruded: ASTM B221
The most widely used aluminum, 6061 is fabricated into everything from pipe fittings and containers to automotive and aerospace parts. It is strong and corrosion resistant, plus it's easy to machine and weld.
If you don't see the size you're looking for, please specify a length under additional rod lengths.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
Certificates with a traceable lot number are available for these products. Download certificates from ACTIVITY after your order ships.
To Order: Please specify length in increments of 0.25" within the range listed.
| Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Fabrication | Temper | Heat Treatment | Temperature Range, °F | Choose a Length | Per Inch | |
| 3 3/4" | -0.024" to 0.024" | Extruded | T6511 | Hardened | -320° to 300° | 13"-90" | 0000000 | 00000 |
High-Strength 7075 Aluminum Rods and Discs
Originally developed for aircraft frames, uses for 7075 aluminum now include keys, gears, and other high-stress parts. It is often used as a replacement for 2024 aluminum because it’s stronger and provides similar performance in all other aspects.
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- Yield Strength: 62,000 psi
- Hardness: Brinell 150 (Medium)
- Temper:
3/8" to 5/8" dia.: T6
All other sizes: T651 - Fabrication: Cold Drawn
- Specifications Met: ASTM B211, SAE AMS-QQ-A-225/9
High-Strength 2024 Aluminum Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength: 45,000 psi
- Hardness: Brinell 120 (Medium)
- Temper:
3/16" to 3/8" dia.: T4
All other sizes: T351 - Fabrication: Cold Drawn
- Specifications Met: ASTM B211, SAE AMS-QQ-A-225/6, SAE AMS4120
While 2024 aluminum was initially designed for structural components in aircraft, it's now widely used when a high strength-to-weight ratio is needed, such as for gears, shafts, and fasteners. It offers similar performance to 7075 aluminum, but it’s not as strong.
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Ultra-Machinable 360 Brass Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength:
Inch sizes: 15,000 psi
Metric sizes: 23,000 psi - Hardness: See table
- Temper:
Inch sizes: H02 (1/2 Hard)
Metric sizes: 1/2 Hard - Heat Treatable: No
- Specifications Met:
Inch sizes: ASTM B16
Metric sizes: European Standard EN 12164
With the highest lead content of all the brass alloys, 360 offers the best machinability. Often called free-machining and free-cutting brass, it stands up to high-speed drilling, milling, and tapping operations with minimal wear on your tools. It’s commonly used for gears, pinions, and lock components.
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Oversized 932 Bearing Bronze Rods
- Yield Strength: 20,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B25 (Soft)
- Temper: M07
- Heat Treatable: No
- Specifications Met: ASTM B505
Diameter is oversized to allow for finishing. Offering excellent antifriction qualities, 932 bronze also offers good strength and wear resistance. It's also known as SAE 660 and is often used for bearings, bushings, and thrust washers.
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Wear-Resistant Nylon Rods and Discs
- Color: Off-White or Black
- Max. Temperature: 185° F
- Tensile Strength: 11,200-12,300 psi (Good)
- Impact Strength: 0.6-1.4 ft.-lbs./in. (Poor)
- Hardness: Rockwell R108-R121 (Hard)
- For Use Outdoors: No
- Specifications Met:
Off-White:
1/16" Dia.: ASTM D5989, ASTM D6779, FDA Compliant 21 CFR 177.1500, UL 94 HB
1/8" Dia. and larger: ASTM D5989, ASTM D6779, FDA Compliant 21 CFR 177.1500, UL 94 V-2
Black:
ASTM D5989, ASTM D6779, UL 94 V-2
Often machined into bearings, gears, cams, and valve seats, these wear-resistant nylon 6/6 rods and discs have a slippery surface that reduces friction.
Slippery UHMW Polyethylene Rods and Discs
- Color: White
- Temperature Range: -40° to 180° F
- Tensile Strength: 4,350-5,800 psi (Poor)
- Impact Strength: 16.8 ft.-lbs./in. (Excellent)
- Hardness: Durometer 65D-67D (Medium)
- For Use Outdoors: No
Offering a low-friction surface that prevents sticking and binding, these rods and discs are often machined into bushings and bearings. UHMW is impact and wear resistant to handle the scuffs, scrapes, and strikes that other plastics can’t.
Oil-Filled Slippery UHMW Polyethylene Rods
- Color: Gray
- Temperature Range: -450° to 180° F
- Tensile Strength: 3,000-5,500 psi (Poor)
- Impact Strength: No Break (Excellent)
- Hardness: Durometer 62D-67D (Medium)
- For Use Outdoors: No
- Specifications Met: ASTM D4020, MIL-P-21922, UL 94 V-2
Often used as rollers, these oil-filled UHMW rods are self-lubricating for an extra-slippery surface that resists wear. They also offer excellent impact resistance.