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Fabrication Fabrication |
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Appearance Appearance |
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Low-Carbon Steel Grade Low-Carbon Steel Grade |
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Aluminum Performance Properties Aluminum PerformanceProperties |
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About Copper, Brass, and Bronze
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About Stainless Steel
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About Plastic
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About Composites
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About Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel, Spring Steel, and Cast Iron
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About Aluminum
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Low-Carbon Steel Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength: See table
- Hardness: See table
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: See table
- Specifications Met: See table
Also known as mild steel, low-carbon steel is easy to machine, form, and weld. It's widely fabricated into parts that don’t require high strength, such as fixture clamps, mounting plates, and spacers. This material can be surface hardened with heat treating.
For technical drawings and 3-D models, click on a part number.
| Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Yield Strength, psi | Hardness | Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment | Each | |
1/2" Lg. | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 1/2" | -0.005" to 0" | 54,000 | Rockwell B70 (Medium) | Not Rated | 00000000 | 000000 |
1" Lg. | ||||||
| 4 1/2" | -0.005" to 0" | 54,000 | Rockwell B70 (Medium) | Not Rated | 00000000 | 00000 |
3" Lg. | ||||||
| 4 1/2" | -0.005" to 0" | 54,000 | Rockwell B70 (Medium) | Not Rated | 00000000 | 00000 |
6" Lg. | ||||||
| 4 1/2" | -0.005" to 0" | 54,000 | Rockwell B70 (Medium) | Not Rated | 00000000 | 000000 |
Oversized Easy-to-Machine
Gray Cast Iron Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength: Not Rated
- Hardness: Rockwell C20 (Hard)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C50
- Specifications Met: ASTM A247
An oversized diameter allows for finishing to your exact requirements. Gray cast iron machines faster with less wear on cutting tools than most types of steel. It also absorbs vibration, so finished parts run quieter than those made of steel. It's often used for gears, pulleys, rollers, and bushings.
Impact-Resistant Ductile Cast Iron Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength: 55,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell C20 (Hard)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C60
- Specifications Met: ASTM A536
Ductile cast iron is strong, resilient, and able to handle repeated stress without breaking. It also absorbs vibration, so finished parts run quieter than those made of steel.
Easy-to-Machine 303 Stainless Steel
Widely used for fabricating fittings and fasteners, 303 stainless steel machines quickly without sticking to cutting tools. It maintains its corrosion resistance up to the maximum temperature.
Certificates with a traceable lot number are available for these products. Download certificates from ACTIVITY after your order ships.
- Yield Strength: 25,000 psi
- Hardness:
Inch Sizes: Rockwell B75 (Medium)
Metric Sizes: Rockwell B85 (Medium) - Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: No
- Specifications Met:
Inch Sizes: ASTM A582
Metric Sizes: ASTM A276, ASTM A564, ASTM A582
Easy-to-Machine 303 Stainless Steel with Certification
A traceable lot number and test report is furnished with each piece. Widely used for fabricating fittings and fasteners, 303 stainless steel machines quickly without sticking to cutting tools. It maintains its corrosion resistance in temperatures up to 1500° F.
- Yield Strength: 25,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B75 (Medium)
- Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: No
- Specifications Met: ASTM A582
High-Strength 17-4 PH Stainless Steel
With a higher chromium content than 15-5 PH stainless steel, this high-strength 17-4 PH offers better corrosion resistance. It is also known as 630 stainless steel. This material maintains its corrosion resistance in temperatures up to 1100° F.
- Yield Strength: 110,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell C35 (Hard)
- Heat Treatment: Annealed (Softened)
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Max. Hardness After Heat Treatment: Rockwell C45
- Specifications Met: ASTM A564, AMS 5643
Multipurpose 6061 Aluminum Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength: 35,000 psi
- Hardness:
Foot and inch sizes: Brinell 95 (Soft)
Metric sizes: Brinell 80 (Soft) - Temper: See table
- Fabrication: See table
- Specifications Met:
Cold Worked: ASTM B211
Extruded: ASTM B221
The most widely used aluminum, 6061 is fabricated into everything from pipe fittings and containers to automotive and aerospace parts. It is strong and corrosion resistant, plus it's easy to machine and weld.
Multipurpose 6061 Aluminum Rods with Certification
- Yield Strength: 35,000 psi
- Hardness: Brinell 95 (Soft)
- Temper: See table
- Fabrication: See table.
1/4" and 5/16" Dia.: 6 ft. lengths Extruded, other lengths Cold Worked. - Specifications Met: See table
These rods come with a traceable lot number and test report. The most widely used aluminum, 6061 is fabricated into everything from pipe fittings and containers to automotive and aerospace parts. It is strong and corrosion resistant, plus it's easy to machine and weld.
High-Strength 7075 Aluminum Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength: 62,000 psi
- Hardness: Brinell 150 (Medium)
- Temper: T6
- Fabrication: Cold Drawn
- Specifications Met:
1/2 ft. to 6 ft. lg.: AMS QQ-A-225/9, ASTM B211
1/4" to 3" lg.: ASTM B211
Originally developed for aircraft frames, uses for 7075 aluminum now include keys, gears, and other high-stress parts. It is often used as a replacement for 2024 aluminum because it’s stronger and provides similar performance in all other aspects.
High-Strength 2024 Aluminum Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength: 45,000 psi
- Hardness: Brinell 120 (Medium)
- Temper:
3/16" to 3/8" dia.: T4
All other sizes: T351 - Fabrication: Cold Drawn
- Specifications Met: AMS 4120, AMS QQ-A-225/6, ASTM B211
While 2024 aluminum was initially designed for structural components in aircraft, it's now widely used when a high strength-to-weight ratio is needed, such as for gears, shafts, and fasteners. It offers similar performance to 7075 aluminum, but it’s not as strong.
Ultra-Machinable 360 Brass Rods and Discs
- Yield Strength:
Inch sizes: 15,000 psi
Metric sizes: 23,000 psi - Hardness: See table
- Temper:
Inch sizes: H02 (1/2 Hard)
Metric sizes: 1/2 Hard - Heat Treatable: No
- Specifications Met:
Inch sizes: ASTM B16
Metric sizes: European Standard EN 12164
With the highest lead content of all the brass alloys, 360 offers the best machinability. Often called free-machining and free-cutting brass, it stands up to high-speed drilling, milling, and tapping operations with minimal wear on your tools. It’s commonly used for gears, pinions, and lock components.
Certificates with a traceable lot number are available for these products. Download certificates from ACTIVITY after your order ships.
Ultra-Machinable 360 Brass Rods with Certification
- Yield Strength: 15,000 psi
- Hardness:
3/32" to 15/32" dia.: Not Rated
All other sizes: Rockwell B25 (Soft) - Temper: H02 (1/2 Hard)
- Heat Treatable: No
- Specifications Met: ASTM B16
These rods come with a traceable lot number and test report. With the highest lead content of all the brass alloys, 360 offers the best machinability. Often called free-machining and free-cutting brass, it stands up to high-speed drilling, milling, and tapping operations with minimal wear on your tools. It’s commonly used for gears, pinions, and lock components.
Oversized 932 Bearing Bronze Rods
- Yield Strength: 20,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B25 (Soft)
- Temper: M07
- Heat Treatable: No
- Specifications Met: ASTM B505
Diameter is oversized to allow for finishing. Offering excellent antifriction qualities, 932 bronze also offers good strength and wear resistance. It's also known as SAE 660 and is often used for bearings, bushings, and thrust washers.
Weldable 954 Bearing Bronze Rods
- Yield Strength: 32,000 psi
- Hardness: Rockwell B85 (Medium)
- Temper: M07
- Heat Treatable: Yes
- Specifications Met: ASTM B505
954 bronze contains a minimum of 10% aluminum for strength and weldability. It is also known as aluminum bronze. It's widely used for bearings, bushings, valve bodies, and worm gears.
Wear-Resistant Easy-to-Machine
Delrin® Acetal Resin Rods and Discs
Because these naturally slippery, wear-resistant rods and discs resist expanding when exposed to heat and moisture, they can be easily machined to close tolerances. They are a good choice for parts that require precision, such as gears, bushings, and bearings. Delrin® acetal resin is also known as acetal homopolymer; it is stronger and stiffer than acetal copolymer.
Wear-Resistant Easy-to-Machine Acetal Rods and Discs
- Color: White or Black
- Temperature Range: -20° to 180° F
- Tensile Strength: 9,135-9,700 psi (Good)
- Impact Strength: 1-1.5 ft.-lbs./in. (Poor)
- Hardness: Rockwell R120 (Hard)
- For Use Outdoors: No
- Specifications Met: FDA Compliant 21 CFR 176.170, FDA Compliant 21 CFR 177.2470, NSF/ANSI 51, NSF/ANSI 61, UL 94HB
Made of naturally slippery acetal copolymer, these rods and discs are an economical alternative to Delrin® acetal resin. They offer similar wear resistance and are equally resistant to expanding when exposed to heat and moisture. They can be machined to close tolerances and are often used to make precision gears, bushing, bearings, and rollers.
Slippery UHMW Polyethylene Rods and Discs
- Color: White
- Temperature Range: -40° to 180° F
- Tensile Strength: 4,350-5,800 psi (Poor)
- Impact Strength: 16.8 ft.-lbs./in. (Excellent)
- Hardness: Durometer 65D-67D (Medium)
- For Use Outdoors: No
- Specifications Met: UL 94HB, Made of FDA Listed Material
Offering a low-friction surface that prevents sticking and binding, these rods and discs are often machined into bushings and bearings. UHMW is impact and wear resistant to handle the scuffs, scrapes, and strikes that other plastics can’t.
MDS-Filled Easy-to-Machine
Wear-Resistant Cast Nylon Rods
- Color: Black
- Max. Temperature: 230° F
- Tensile Strength: 10,000 psi (Good)
- Impact Strength: 1.4 ft.-lbs./in. (Poor)
- Hardness: Rockwell R110 (Hard)
- For Use Outdoors: Yes
- Specifications Met: ASTM D5989
The addition of MDS gives these rods exceptional wear resistance along with a self-lubricating surface. They’re made of cast nylon 6, which is easier to machine than other MDS-filled nylon rods, plus they are better electrical insulators. Use them to fabricate gears, sprockets, wear strips, and other high-friction parts. This material is comparable to Nylatron and Nycast.
| Dia. | Tolerance Rating | Length, ft. | Each | |
| 4 1/2" | Oversized | 1 | 00000000 | 0000000 |
Impact- and Chemical-Resistant PVC Rods
- Color: Gray
- Temperature Range: -40° to 140° F
- Tensile Strength: 5,600-6,700 psi (Good)
- Impact Strength: 10-18 ft.-lbs./in. (Excellent)
- Hardness: Rockwell R111-R116 (Hard)
- For Use Outdoors: No
- Specifications Met: UL 94V0
With nearly the same chemical resistance as standard PVC Type 1, these PVC Type 2 rods are more impact resistant. Use them to make parts for chemical-processing applications where protection from bumps and strikes is required. They offer excellent formablility and are good electrical insulators.
Wear-Resistant Nylon Rods and Discs
- Color: Off-White or Black
- Max. Temperature: 185° F
- Tensile Strength: 11,200-12,300 psi (Good)
- Impact Strength: 0.6-1.4 ft.-lbs./in. (Poor)
- Hardness: Rockwell R108-R121 (Hard)
- For Use Outdoors: No
- Specifications Met:
Off-White:
1/16" Dia.: ASTM D5989, ASTM D6779, Made of FDA Listed Material, UL 94HB
1/8" Dia. and larger: ASTM D5989, ASTM D6779, Made of FDA Listed Material, UL 94V2
Black:
1/8" and 3/16" Dia.: ASTM D5989, ASTM D6779, Made of FDA Listed Material, UL 94V2
1/4" Dia. and larger: ASTM D5989, ASTM D6779, UL 94V2
Often machined into bearings, gears, cams, and valve seats, these wear-resistant nylon 6/6 rods and discs have a slippery surface that reduces friction.
High-Temperature CPVC Rods
- Color: Gray
- Temperature Range: 32° to 200° F
- Tensile Strength: 7,090-7,750 psi (Good)
- Impact Strength: 1-2 ft.-lbs./in. (Poor)
- Hardness: Rockwell R118-R119 (Hard)
- For Use Outdoors: No
- Specifications Met: UL 94V0
Offering the same resistance to acids and alkalies as PVC, these CPVC rods stand up to higher temperatures. Use them to make parts for use in chemical-processing applications. CPVC is easy to thermoform and it’s an excellent electrical insulator.
Easy-to-Machine Wear-Resistant
Cast Nylon Rods and Discs
- Color: Off-White
- Temperature Range: -20° to 200° F
- Tensile Strength: 10,000 psi (Good)
- Impact Strength: 1.5 ft.-lbs./in. (Poor)
- Hardness: Rockwell R110-R115 (Hard)
- For Use Outdoors: No
- Specifications Met: ASTM D5989, UL 94HB, Made of FDA Listed Material
Because these cast nylon 6 rods and discs are easier to machine than standard nylon 6/6, they’re often made into pulleys, screws, bushings, and bearings. They’re also better electrical insulators. They have a wear-resistant, slippery surface that reduces friction. This material is comparable to Nylatron and Nycast.
| Dia. | Dia. Tolerance | Lg., ft. | Each | |
| 4 1/2" | 0.000" to 0.250" | 1 | 00000000 | 000000 |
Chemical-Resistant Slippery PTFE Rods and Discs
- Color: White
- Temperature Range: See table
- Tensile Strength: See table (Poor)
- Impact Strength: 3.5 ft.-lbs./in. (Good)
- Hardness: See table (Medium Soft)
- For Use Outdoors: Yes
- Specifications Met: See table
These rods and discs are made of PTFE, a material that surpasses most plastics when it comes to chemical resistance and performance in extreme temperatures. In addition to resisting most solvents, they are an excellent electrical insulator. They are easy to machine and have a naturally slippery surface that makes them a good choice for bearings, gears, and parts that slide and roll.
Clear Scratch- and UV-Resistant
Cast Acrylic Rods and Discs
- Color: See table
- Temperature Range: See table
- Tensile Strength: 10,000-11,250 psi (Good)
- Impact Strength: 0.3-0.4 ft.-lbs./in. (Poor)
- Hardness: Rockwell M94-M100 (Hard)
- For Use Outdoors: Yes
- Specifications Met: See table
Widely used to make sight windows and light fixture lenses, these cast acrylic rods and discs maintain clarity over time. They are scratch and UV resistant and stand up to outdoor use better than polycarbonate. Comparable to Lucite and Plexiglas® Acrylic, cast acrylic is easier to machine than extruded acrylic.
Economical Garolite CE Rods
- Color: Brown
- Max. Temperature: 235° F
- Tensile Strength: 6,000-10,000 psi (Good)
- Impact Strength: 1.4-1.7 ft.-lbs./in. (Poor)
- Hardness: Rockwell M100 (Extra Hard)
- For Use Outdoors: No
- Specifications Met: MIL-I-24768/14, UL 94HB
Sometimes called canvas-grade industrial laminate, phenolic, and Bakelite, these Garolite CE rods are often fabricated into parts where high strength is not required. They are made of a phenolic resin with cotton fabric reinforcement, which makes them easy to machine into mechanical parts, such as pulleys, gears, bushings, and washers.
Multipurpose Flame-Retardant Garolite G-10/FR4 Rods
- Color: See Table
- Max. Temperature: 265° F
- Tensile Strength: 35,000-50,000 psi (Excellent)
- Impact Strength: 5.5-12 ft.-lbs./in. (Excellent)
- Hardness: Rockwell M115 (Extra Hard)
- For Use Outdoors: No
- Specifications Met: MIL-I-24768/27, UL 94V0
Made of a flame-retardant epoxy resin with fiberglass fabric reinforcement, these G-10/FR4 rods are a good all-around choice. They are strong, machinable, and electrically insulating. Garolite G-10/FR4 is also called epoxy-grade industrial laminate and phenolic.